What role do transformers play in electrical systems?

Transformers are crucial components in electrical systems primarily because they manage voltage levels. Their primary function is to step up or step down voltage: stepping up voltage for efficient long-distance transmission to reduce energy losses, and stepping down voltage to safe, usable levels for end users.

This capability is vital for maintaining the efficiency and safety of electrical power delivery over varied distances. By adjusting voltage levels appropriately, transformers help ensure that electricity can travel long distances without significant losses, which would occur if higher current levels were used instead of high voltage. Additionally, arriving at the consumer end at the right voltage ensures that household and industrial devices operate safely and effectively.

The other roles mentioned do not pertain to transformers. While some devices in electrical systems convert energy forms or distribute loads, transformers specifically facilitate the transformation of voltage, making them indispensable in power generation, transmission, and distribution networks.